Optical reflectometry is crucial in diagnosing and characterizing optical networks, components, and materials. Among the various techniques available, Frequency-Domain Reflectometry (FDR) stands out for its high-resolution measurements and ability to precisely analyze short-range optical systems. Unlike traditional Time-Domain Reflectometry (TDR) methods, which rely on pulse timing, FDR leverages frequency variations to detect faults, measure insertion loss, and assess material properties with greater sensitivity.

This article explores the fundamentals of FDR, its applications in fiber optic sensing and material characterization, and how Santec’s advanced Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometers push the boundaries of optical testing.